Ibogaine and addiction in the animal model, a systematic review and meta-analysis

[Diffusé le 26-07-2016]

Source : Translational Psychiatry 2016; 6(5): e826

M. Belgers1,2,3, M. Leenaars4, J R. Homberg5, M. Ritskes-Hoitinga4, A F A. Schellekens2,3, C R. Hooijmans4, M Belgers

1IrisZorg, Department of Addiction Health Care, Arnhem, The Netherlands
2Department of psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
3Nijmegen Institute for Scientist-Practitioners in Addiction (NISPA), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
4Departments of SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
5Behavioural Neurogenetics group at the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

IrisZorg, Department of Addiction Health Care, Kronenburgsingel 545, Arnhem 6831 GM, The Netherlands. E-mail: m.belgers@iriszorg.nl

Revue systématique et méta-analyse des études animales : Effet de l’ibogaïne sur la toxicomanie

Article commenté par : L'équipe éditoriale AddictoScope

L’ibogaïne est une substance naturelle qui est de plus en plus utilisée pour réduire le craving et la rechute chez les patients ayant des problèmes de toxicomanie (opioïdes, cocaïne, alcool). Bien que des essais cliniques humains sur l'innocuité et l'efficacité de l'ibogaïne font défaut, les études animales soutiennent une probable efficacité anti-addictive de cette molécule chez les usagers de drogues. Cette revue systématique et méta-analyse peut justifier la mise en place d'études cliniques mais une surveillance étroite des patients est recommandée en raison de possibles effets cardio-toxiques.

Abstract

Ibogaine is a naturally occurring substance which has been increasingly used in the lay-scene to reduce craving and relapse in patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). Although human clinical trials on the safety and efficacy of ibogaine are lacking, animal studies do support the efficacy of ibogaine. In this systematic review and meta-analysis (MA), we summarise these animal findings, addressing three questions: (1) does ibogaine reduce addictive behaviour in animal models of SUDs?; (2) what are the toxic effects of ibogaine on motor functioning, cerebellum and heart rhythm?; (3) what are neuropharmacological working mechanisms of ibogaine treatment in animal models of SUDs? MA of 27 studies showed that ibogaine reduced drug self-administration, particularly during the first 24 h after administration. Ibogaine had no effect on drug-induced conditioned place preference. Ibogaine administration resulted in motor impairment in the first 24 h after supplementation, and cerebral cell loss even weeks after administration. Data on ibogaines effect on cardiac rhythm, as well as on its neuropharmacological working mechanisms are limited. Our results warrant further studies into the clinical efficacy of ibogaine in SUD patients in reducing craving and substance use, but close monitoring of the patients is recommended because of the possible toxic effects. In addition, more work is needed to unravel the neuropharmacological working mechanisms of ibogaine and to investigate its effects on heart rhythm.


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